Kasprowicz, 31, has not played for Australia for four years but was recalled to the side after Glenn McGrath, Jason Gillespie and Brett Lee were ruled out.
"With injuries to our senior bowling line-up, we felt that on this occasion it was necessary to look for another quick," Australia's chairman of selectors Trevor Hohns said in a statement.
"Michael also has experience in the challenging conditions of the sub-continent and that will be a real asset to the squad."
Nathan Bracken was called into the 14-man squad after McGrath was ruled out earlier this month then Brad Williams was added when Gillespie failed a fitness test on Thursday.
The call went out to Kasprowicz, who has spent the off-season playing for English county side Glamorgan, after Lee tore a stomach muscle during the second test against Zimbabwe on Saturday.
The world champions leave for India on October 22 and will play a triangular tournament involving New Zealand.
Australia - Ricky Ponting (captain), Adam Gilchrist, Michael Bevan, Andy Bichel, Nathan Bracken, Michael Clarke, Ian Harvey, Matthew Hayden, Brad Hogg, Michael Kasprowicz, Jimmy Maher, Damien Martyn, Andrew Symonds, Brad Williams
