Madabhooshi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar was the first Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

Ayyangar had two terms as Speaker. The first was from March 8, 1956 till May 10, 1957. The second term lasted from May 11, 1957 till April 16, 1962.

Ayyangar served as a member of the Constituent Assembly. In the wake of the decision to separate the Constitution-making functions of the Constituent Assembly from its legislative functions and the consequent election of Mavalankar as the Speaker of the Constituent Assembly (Legislative), Ayyangar was chosen to be its Deputy Speaker. He also served in the Steering Committee of the Constituent Assembly.

During 1950-52, Ayyangar continued to be the Deputy Speaker of the Provisional Parliament.When the first Lok Sabha was constituted in 1952, Ayyangar was the unanimous choice to be its Deputy Speaker. He took over as Speaker after Malvankar's death.